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Yosemite became a park before Yellowstone, but as a state park. Disappointed with the results 26 years later in , Congress made Yosemite one of three additional national parks, along with Sequoia and General Grant, now part of Kings Canyon. Mount...
Despite a lack of support from the Department of the Interior or Congress, he pleaded for protection legislation. Nathaniel P. Langford, member of the Washburn Expedition and advocate of the Yellowstone National Park Act, was appointed to the unpaid...
Soldiers pose with bison heads captured from poacher Ed Howell. When Howell returned to the park that year, he was the first person arrested and punished under the National Park Protection Act, passed in The Secretary of the Interior, under authority given by the Congress, called on the Secretary of War for assistance. The Army strengthened, posted, and enforced regulations in the park. Troops guarded the major attractions and evicted troublemakers, and cavalry patrolled the vast interior. The most persistent menace came from poachers, whose activities threatened to exterminate animals such as the bison. In , soldiers arrested a man named Ed Howell for slaughtering bison in Pelican Valley. The maximum sentence possible was banishment from the park. Its editor, renowned naturalist George Bird Grinnell, helped create a national outcry.
This law is known as the Lacey Act, and is the first of two laws with this name. Moreover, each of the 14 other national parks established in the late s and early s was separately administered, resulting in uneven management, inefficiency, and a lack of direction. Yellowstone Superintendent Horace Albright, shown here with future president Herbert Hoover in , was involved in the creation of the National Park Service.
NPS The National Park Service Begins National parks clearly needed coordinated administration by professionals attuned to the special requirements of these preserves. The management of Yellowstone from through the early s helped set the stage for the creation of an agency whose sole purpose was to manage the national parks. Promoters of this idea gathered support from influential journalists, railroads likely to profit from increased park tourism, and members of Congress. Albright, who served simultaneously as assistant to Stephen T. Mather, Director of the National Park Service.
Albright established a management framework that guided administration of Yellowstone for decades. This box represents the original boundary of Yellowstone National Park. Adjustments were made in and NPS Boundary Adjustments Almost as soon as the park was established, people began suggesting that the boundaries be revised to conform more closely to natural topographic features, such as the ridgeline of the Absaroka Range along the east boundary. Although these people had the ear of influential politicians, so did their opponents— which at one time included the United States Forest Service. In , President Hoover issued an executive order that added more than 7, acres between the north boundary and the Yellowstone River, west of Gardiner. These lands provided winter range for elk and other ungulates. Efforts to exploit the park also expanded during this time. Proposals included damming the southwest corner of the park—the Bechler region.
Various legislation provides guidance for protecting Yellowstone National Park. Among other projects, the road from Old Faithful to Craig Pass was unfinished. Visitation jumped as soon as the war ended. By , park visitation reached one million people per year. Mission 66 Neglected during World War II, the infrastructure in national parks continued to deteriorate as visitation soared afterward, leading to widespread complaints. Although also designed to increase education programs and employee housing, Mission 66 focused mainly on visitor facilities and roads. Trained as an architect, Wirth encouraged the use of modern materials and prefabricated components to quickly and inexpensively construct low-maintenance buildings.
Work in Yellowstone included the development of Canyon Village. Aging visitor use facilities were replaced with modernistic visitor use facilities designed to reflect American attitudes of the s. Visitor services were arranged around a large parking plaza with small cabins a short distance away.
Guided reading activity the reach of imperialism lesson 4 answer key Colleges and universities 4. Others wanted the local and state governments to be stronger than the national government. Main Idea 1. Teach students to create book reviews, bulletin boards, blogs, or other ways to recommend books to others. After World War II 7. Elementary schools 2. Making an effective lesson plan Guided reading activity the reach of imperialism lesson You can use this Guided Reading Workbook in two ways. Refer to your textbook to fill in the blanks. During the Spanish- American War of 6. Chief Characteristics and lmportant Developments 1. Guided Guided Reading Activity The thermal energy flows from your hand to the snowball. Verified Purchase. They were ethnic groups that did not have states of their own.
Government Under the Articles of Confederation A. Following the introductory activity, students are given an explanation of how the activity relates to the book they are about to read. Advances in technology contribute to advances in science. Nice summary and review of each chapter. This answer key includes Guided Reading Activity Looking at world history through American lenses; seeing America as the standard to which others countries should be compared 5. Choose a book for a group of four to six students: the younger the students, the smaller the groups. Main Idea After rival Greek city-states united to defeat the Persians, they were free to Guided Guided Age Activity 19 1 Guided Age Activity 19 1 Answer Key This is likewise one of the factors by obtaining the soft documents of this guided age activity 19 1 answer key by online.
The snowball eventually melts. Guided Reading Activity Summarize the main ideas of this lesson by answering the question below. It is an engaging lesson from my literacy series and it is also referred to as Guided Highlighted Reading. Answering Support outsourcing is your instant get rid of for phone ecosystem strain. Guided reading. Online Library Guided Activity Answer Key key, Guided reading activity 7 1 demand answers, Economics principles and practices reteaching activities, Chapter summaries, Chapter 8 mass media and public opinion section 1 the, Jamestown questions and answers, American government stories of a nation for the ap, Active engagement strategies with Name one.
Imperialism Guided Reading Packet. You might not require more epoch to spend to go to the ebook establishment as with ease as search for them. The last two discussion questions below focus on the map. In addition, when you click the "listen" button, you can hear the passage while it highlights the text. Get help with your Imperialism homework. Detective - Test Sheet: L. Guided the scramble for africa answer key. Start studying Lesson 3 British rule in India use to study for Imperialism test. In what region or regions did it exist? Who were its targets? How did it affect the lives of these people? Imperialism Primary Sources Activity.
Lesson 3 Note Sheets Page 2. Students complete many activities including mapping, reading books, and Internet research to learn about European exploration. Lesson 3 greece and persia answer key. Download and print RL. Copy and answer questions and complete As You Read chart, page The Articles of Confederation, written in and finally ratified in ,.
It gives immediate feedback. Then regroup as a class, asking a representative from each group to share one key takeaway from their small-group discussions. Answer Human —Environment Interaction question page Study Guide. However, there are nevertheless many people who with dont behind reading. Reviewed in the United States on December 9, FREE 7-day instant eTextbook access to your textbook while you wait. To answer questions on a non-fiction text Part 1 16m video. Chapter Guided reading is one component of a four-block reading program, developed by Pat Cunningham and Dottie Hall, which consists of self-selected reading, shared reading, writing, and working with words.
To answer questions on a non-fiction text Part 2 15m video. You have remained in right site to start getting this info. A reproducible lesson plan form for guided reading. By learning that the answers to some questions are "Right There" in the text, that some answers require a reader to "Think and Search," and that some answers can only be answered "On My Own," students recognize that they must first consider the question before developing an answer.
If you are a teacher using guided reading with your students, we hope that, as you read this article, your effective practice will be confirmed while you also find resonance with The reading texts are followed by interactive reading comprehension activities, a recording of the text to listen to online, a supplementary grammar and vocabulary practice worksheet based on the text, and links to National Geographic images and videos for users to explore the topics further.
Use a graph to determine its maximum height. The teacher clearly describes the purpose of the activity, the directions, and the learning objectives they are expected to achieve. Guided reading is one component of the shared reading block during which the teacher provides support for small, flexible groups of beginning readers. However, not all guided reading methods work the same! Identifying Write T next to every true statement. Some delegates believed the national government needed to be strong.
This lesson plan lets you convey the common themes of imperialism to your students. See photographs above from the Guided Reading module. This lesson plan, through the use of primary sources and a WebQuest Interactive, will focus on the causes of the war and the 1 Exploring America Answer Key The number in parentheses after an answer indicates the page number on which that answer is found in the text. Student answers will vary. The teacher will choose a set of books for the group she or he is reading with, that is appropriate to their level. They wanted government to fight poverty and improve the living conditions of its citizens. The 6 steps in an effective, best practice guided reading lesson. They summarize in order to tell their readers what the book is about, and then synthesize to include their own evaluation or interpretation of the text. Grandfather clause 4. Racial etiquette 6. Because if the army find out that Mulan is a woman, they will kill her.
High schools 3. The Reach of Imperialism Chapter Here is a list of fourteen student engagement strategies from Reading Horizons Reading Specialist, Stacy Hurst, that you can use to increase student engagement during reading instruction or reading intervention: 1. Access the answers to hundreds of Imperialism questions that are explained in a way that's easy for you to understand. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. US Imperialism Practice Questions Base your answers to questions 11 and 12 on the cartoon below and on your knowledge of social studies 1 build United States factories in the Caribbean region 2 improve relations with Caribbean nations 3 provide defense for nations in the Caribbean 4 protect United States interests in the Caribbean region Imperialism.
Any two objects in direct contact are acceptable. Imperialism Key Terms. Page What does technology have to do with sci-ence? Proven resources that support best practices in guided reading. This curriculum teaches students how to investigate historical questions by employing reading strategies such as sourcing, contextualizing, corroborating, and close reading. If you want kids to hate reading… Rush all five groups through your minute Guided Reading block each day, preferably with a loud bell to interrupt them from what they Improve reading comprehension by playing a reading comprehension game; Improve writing skills using specially designed graphic organizers; Improve Reading Skills Activities.
All of the heads in the Guided Reading Workbook match 4. To ring the gong and wake up the ancestors and guardians. The teacher describes how the lesson builds on the previous knowledge and skills have been taught in a previous lesson. The Mughal Empire of India fell into decline in the early s. By the time he died in B. Guided reading activity the reach of imperialism lesson 4 answer key Following the introductory activity, students are given an explanation of how the activity relates to the book they are about to read. Mini-lessons, teacher's notes, and pacing guides help teachers stay on track and focus on the TEKS when reviewing with students. New Jersey 4.
The map is dominated by the Habsburg Monarchy orange and the Kingdom of Prussia blue , besides a large number of small states many of them too small to be shown on the map. Prior to , German-speaking Central Europe included more than political entities, most of which were part of the Holy Roman Empire or the extensive Habsburg hereditary dominions.
They ranged in size from the small and complex territories of the princely Hohenlohe family branches to sizable, well-defined territories such as the Kingdoms of Bavaria and Prussia. These lands or parts of them—both the Habsburg domains and Hohenzollern Prussia also included territories outside the Empire structures made up the territory of the Holy Roman Empire, which at times included more than 1, entities. Since the 15th century, with few exceptions, the Empire's Prince-electors had chosen successive heads of the House of Habsburg to hold the title of Holy Roman Emperor. Among the German-speaking states, the Holy Roman Empire's administrative and legal mechanisms provided a venue to resolve disputes between peasants and landlords, between jurisdictions, and within jurisdictions. Through the organization of imperial circles Reichskreise , groups of states consolidated resources and promoted regional and organizational interests, including economic cooperation and military protection.
In , after a successful invasion of Prussia and the defeat of Prussia at the joint battles of Jena-Auerstedt , Napoleon dictated the Treaty of Pressburg and presided over the creation of the Confederation of the Rhine , which, inter alia, provided for the mediatization of over a hundred petty princes and counts and the absorption of their territories, as well as those of hundreds of imperial knights , by the Confederation's member-states. Due in part to the shared experience, albeit under French dominance, various justifications emerged to identify "Germany" as a single state. For the German philosopher Johann Gottlieb Fichte , The first, original, and truly natural boundaries of states are beyond doubt their internal boundaries.
Those who speak the same language are joined to each other by a multitude of invisible bonds by nature herself, long before any human art begins; they understand each other and have the power of continuing to make themselves understood more and more clearly; they belong together and are by nature one and an inseparable whole. A common language may have been seen to serve as the basis of a nation, but as contemporary historians of 19th-century Germany noted, it took more than linguistic similarity to unify these several hundred polities. The exigencies of Napoleon's campaigns in Poland —07 , the Iberian Peninsula , western Germany, and his disastrous invasion of Russia in disillusioned many Germans, princes and peasants alike. Napoleon's Continental System nearly ruined the Central European economy. The invasion of Russia included nearly , troops from German lands, and the loss of that army encouraged many Germans, both high- and low-born, to envision a Central Europe free of Napoleon's influence.
In , Napoleon mounted a campaign in the German states to bring them back into the French orbit; the subsequent War of Liberation culminated in the great Battle of Leipzig , also known as the Battle of Nations. In October , more than , combatants engaged in ferocious fighting over three days, making it the largest European land battle of the 19th century. The engagement resulted in a decisive victory for the Coalition of Austria, Prussia, Russia, Saxony, and Sweden, and it ended French power east of the Rhine. Success encouraged the Coalition forces to pursue Napoleon across the Rhine; his army and his government collapsed, and the victorious Coalition incarcerated Napoleon on Elba. The Prussian cavalry pursued the defeated French in the evening of 18 June, sealing the allied victory.
This system reorganized Europe into spheres of influence , which, in some cases, suppressed the aspirations of the various nationalities, including the Germans and Italians. The Congress established a loose German Confederation — , headed by Austria, with a "Federal Diet " called the Bundestag or Bundesversammlung , an assembly of appointed leaders that met in the city of Frankfurt am Main. In recognition of the imperial position traditionally held by the Habsburgs, the emperors of Austria became the titular presidents of this parliament. Problematically, the built-in Austrian dominance failed to take into account Prussia's 18th century emergence in Imperial politics. Ever since the Prince-Elector of Brandenburg had made himself King in Prussia at the beginning of that century, their domains had steadily increased through war and inheritance. Prussia's consolidated strength had become especially apparent during the War of the Austrian Succession and the Seven Years' War under Frederick the Great.
Austrian-Prussian dualism lay firmly rooted in old Imperial politics. Those balance of power manoeuvers were epitomized by the War of the Bavarian Succession , or " Potato War " among common folk. Even after the end of the Holy Roman Empire, this competition influenced the growth and development of nationalist movements in the 19th century. Wartburg was chosen for its symbolic connection to German national character. Contemporary colored wood engraving [15] Despite the nomenclature of Diet Assembly or Parliament , this institution should in no way be construed as a broadly, or popularly, elected group of representatives. Many of the states did not have constitutions, and those that did, such as the Duchy of Baden , based suffrage on strict property requirements which effectively limited suffrage to a small portion of the male population.
Although the Prussian army had been dramatically defeated in the Battle of Jena-Auerstedt , it had made a spectacular comeback at Waterloo. Consequently, Prussian leaders expected to play a pivotal role in German politics. Furthermore, implicit and sometimes explicit promises made during the German Campaign of engendered an expectation of popular sovereignty and widespread participation in the political process, promises that largely went unfulfilled once peace had been achieved. Agitation by student organizations led such conservative leaders as Klemens Wenzel, Prince von Metternich , to fear the rise of national sentiment; the assassination of German dramatist August von Kotzebue in March by a radical student seeking unification was followed on 20 September by the proclamation of the Carlsbad Decrees , which hampered intellectual leadership of the nationalist movement.
Consequently, these decrees drove the Burschenschaften underground, restricted the publication of nationalist materials, expanded censorship of the press and private correspondence, and limited academic speech by prohibiting university professors from encouraging nationalist discussion. Prussia is blue, Austria-Hungary yellow, and the rest grey. Another institution key to unifying the German states, the Zollverein , helped to create a larger sense of economic unification. Over the ensuing thirty years and more other German states joined. The Union helped to reduce protectionist barriers between the German states, especially improving the transport of raw materials and finished goods, making it both easier to move goods across territorial borders and less costly to buy, transport, and sell raw materials.
This was particularly important for the emerging industrial centers, most of which were located in the Prussian regions of the Rhineland , the Saar , and the Ruhr valleys. Not being a member mattered more for the states of south Germany, since the external tariff of the Customs Union prevented customs-free access to the coast which gave access to international markets. Thus, by , all states to the south of Prussia had joined the Customs Union, except Austria. The external tariffs on finished goods and overseas raw materials were below the rates of the Zollverein. Brunswick joined the Zollverein Customs Union in , while Hanover and Oldenburg finally joined in [24] After the Austro-Prussian war of , Schleswig, Holstein and Lauenburg were annexed by Prussia and thus annexed also to the Customs Union, while the two Mecklenburg states and the city states of Hamburg and Bremen joined late because they were reliant on international trade.
The Mecklenburgs joined in , while Bremen and Hamburg joined in As German states ceased to be a military crossroads, however, the roads improved; the length of hard—surfaced roads in Prussia increased from 3, kilometres 2, mi in to 16, kilometres 10, mi in , helped in part by the invention of macadam. By , Heinrich von Gagern wrote that roads were the "veins and arteries of the body politic Water transportation also improved. The blockades on the Rhine had been removed by Napoleon's orders, but by the s, steam engines freed riverboats from the cumbersome system of men and animals that towed them upstream. By , steamers plied German rivers and Lake Constance , and a network of canals extended from the Danube , the Weser , and the Elbe rivers. Some states were so small that transporters loaded and reloaded their cargoes two and three times a day. As important as these improvements were, they could not compete with the impact of the railway.
German economist Friedrich List called the railways and the Customs Union "Siamese Twins", emphasizing their important relationship to one another. Although it was 6 kilometres 3. Within three years, kilometres 88 mi of track had been laid, by , kilometres mi , and by , 11, kilometres 6, mi. Lacking a geographically central organizing feature such as a national capital , the rails were laid in webs, linking towns and markets within regions, regions within larger regions, and so on. As the rail network expanded, it became cheaper to transport goods: in , 18 Pfennigs per ton per kilometer and in , five Pfennigs. The effects of the railway were immediate. For example, raw materials could travel up and down the Ruhr Valley without having to unload and reload.
Railway lines encouraged economic activity by creating demand for commodities and by facilitating commerce. In , inland shipping carried three times more freight than railroads; by , the situation was reversed, and railroads carried four times more. Rail travel changed how cities looked and how people traveled. Its impact reached throughout the social order, affecting the highest born to the lowest. Although some of the outlying German provinces were not serviced by rail until the s, the majority of the population, manufacturing centers, and production centers were linked to the rail network by The Brothers Grimm , who compiled a massive dictionary known as The Grimm, also assembled a compendium of folk tales and fables, which highlighted the story-telling parallels between different regions. His guides also included distances, roads to avoid, and hiking paths to follow.
Schneckenburger wrote "The Watch on the Rhine" in a specific patriotic response to French assertions that the Rhine was France's "natural" eastern boundary. In , Alexander von Humboldt argued that national character reflected geographic influence, linking landscape to people. Concurrent with this idea, movements to preserve old fortresses and historic sites emerged, and these particularly focused on the Rhineland, the site of so many confrontations with France and Spain. During this period, European liberalism gained momentum; the agenda included economic, social, and political issues. Their "radicalness" depended upon where they stood on the spectrum of male suffrage : the wider the definition of suffrage, the more radical. Students and some professionals, and their spouses, predominated. They carried the flag of the underground Burschenschaft, which later became the basis of the flag of modern Germany.
Despite considerable conservative reaction, ideas of unity joined with notions of popular sovereignty in German-speaking lands. Celebrants gathered in the town below and marched to the ruins of Hambach Castle on the heights above the small town of Hambach, in the Palatinate province of Bavaria. Carrying flags, beating drums, and singing, the participants took the better part of the morning and mid-day to arrive at the castle grounds, where they listened to speeches by nationalist orators from across the conservative to radical political spectrum.
The overall content of the speeches suggested a fundamental difference between the German nationalism of the s and the French nationalism of the July Revolution : the focus of German nationalism lay in the education of the people; once the populace was educated as to what was needed, they would accomplish it. The Hambach rhetoric emphasized the overall peaceable nature of German nationalism: the point was not to build barricades, a very "French" form of nationalism, but to build emotional bridges between groups. The "Six Articles" of 28 June primarily reaffirmed the principle of monarchical authority. On 5 July, the Frankfurt Diet voted for an additional 10 articles, which reiterated existing rules on censorship, restricted political organizations, and limited other public activity. Furthermore, the member states agreed to send military assistance to any government threatened by unrest.
The man-made factors included political rivalries between members of the German confederation, particularly between the Austrians and the Prussians, and socio-economic competition among the commercial and merchant interests and the old land-owning and aristocratic interests. Natural factors included widespread drought in the early s, and again in the s, and a food crisis in the s. Further complications emerged as a result of a shift in industrialization and manufacturing; as people sought jobs, they left their villages and small towns to work during the week in the cities, returning for a day and a half on weekends. Those in authority were concerned about the growing unrest, political and social agitation among the working classes, and the disaffection of the intelligentsia. No amount of censorship, fines, imprisonment, or banishment, it seemed, could stem the criticism. Furthermore, it was becoming increasingly clear that both Austria and Prussia wanted to be the leaders in any resulting unification; each would inhibit the drive of the other to achieve unification.
At Hambach, the positions of the many speakers illustrated their disparate agendas. Held together only by the idea of unification, their notions of how to achieve this did not include specific plans but instead rested on the nebulous idea that the Volk the people , if properly educated, would bring about unification on their own. Grand speeches, flags, exuberant students, and picnic lunches did not translate into a new political, bureaucratic, or administrative apparatus. While many spoke about the need for a constitution, no such document appeared from the discussions. In , nationalists sought to remedy that problem. The revolutionaries pressured various state governments, particularly those in the Rhineland , for a parliamentary assembly that would have the responsibility to draft a constitution.
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